2022下半年 CATTI三级笔译真题 全网最详解析

全文18105字，预计阅读时间60分钟     

Section 1 English-Chinese Translation 

In times of stress, like living through a global pandemic, it’s natural to fall back on soothing habits---gardening, playing video games or lighting up a cigarette.

But what are the risks, given that the novel coronavirus at the center of the current crisis attacks the lungs? The science is in its early stages, but studies are finding that cigarette smokers are more likely to have severe infections. There is data to show that if you are a smoker, you’re more likely to have adverse outcomes from COVID-19, need mechanical ventilation and die than if you’re not a smoker. Smoking damages the lungs’ defense mechanisms, making it harder to fight off COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases.

What does science say? Early data was conflicting. Some reports indicated that smoking was not associated with increased advers outcomes and that smokers were underrepresented in hospital settings, leading some to claim that smokers might even have immunity to the virus. But specialists dismissed the claims as "really fringe stuff". One study found that of those who died of COVID-19, 9 percent were current smokers, compared with 4 percent of those that survived. Smoking, for one thing, inhibits blood cells that would otherwise clean and repair damaged lungs.

What about e-cigarettes? Less is known about how coronavirus patients who use e-cigarettes products are faring, but several doctors suspect their trajectory will mirror that of cigarette smokers. Smoking e-cigarettes has all the same adverse effects as smoking ordinary cigarettes does. Smoking anything can irritate the lining of your lungs. If you irritate the lining of your lungs, you set yourself up for trouble, because the disease kills people by attacking the lungs.

What about secondhand smoke? Smokers do not expel more of a respiratory virus than non-smokers, although they do cough more. The smoke itself doesn’t seem to increase the amount of virus that gets in the air. However, to the extent that the virus is carried in tiny aerosol particles that stay in the air, one of the possible means of transmission, the smoke shows where those particles are located. One study showed that people who had been exposed to second hand smoke were more likely to contract tuberculosis and, once they got it, didn’t do as well as those who weren’t exposed to smoke. In terms of these immune-suppressive effects, as it relates to tuberculosis, secondhand smoke has adverse effects.

Each virus has its unique pattern of dispersion, and scientists are starting to get a handle on how the novel coronavirus behaves. This understanding is making it possible to rank the risks of different activities from high to low to trivial.

The two drivers of the spread of the disease are close contact and crowding in closed spaces, as the virus is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets and close contact. It spreads through homeless shelter and nursing homes, where people are crowded in with many others. And it spreads through people's households. Scientists have found some trends. For example, spending time dining together or being on public transport might increase the risk of spreading or contracting the disease, while going to a market briefly for five minutes or a transient encounter while you walk or run past someone is considered low risk.

The studies were all done through contact tracing, which may turn out to be humanity's greatest strategy for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Contact tracing can stop chains of transmission, even after a disease is widespread. Another major benefit is that it offers clues as to how the disease spreads. Each virus has its unique pattern.

【讲解环节】

1. (In times of stress), (like living through a global pandemic), it’s natural to fall back on (soothing) habits---(gardening, playing video games or lighting up a cigarette).

（1）重难点词汇

soothing [ˈsuːðɪŋ] adj. 安慰的，使人平静的

（2）翻译技巧

增译

to fall back这个动作的发出者需要增译出来“我们很容易借助一些习惯聊以慰藉”

（3）参考译文

在面对压力的时候，比如身处于全球疫情泛滥的时期，我们可以借助一些习惯聊以慰藉，比如园艺、打电玩或者抽烟。这是很正常的。

2. But what are the risks, 【given that the novel coronavirus (at the center of the current crisis) attacks the lungs】?

（1）重难点词汇

novel coronavirus 新型冠状病毒

（2）翻译技巧

语序调节

given that the novel coronavirus attacks the lungs为状语，在这里可以采用前置法，放在整句之前，译为“我们已经知道当下备受瞩目的新冠病毒会损伤我们的肺部”。

at the center of the current crisis为定语，修饰coronavirus。比较简单，翻译的时候可以采用前置法，放在the novel coronavirus之前，译为“备受瞩目的新冠病毒”。

（3）参考译文

但是由于当下备受瞩目的新冠病毒会攻击我们的肺部，所以我们得知道吸烟都有什么风险。

3. The science is in its early stages, but studies are finding 【that cigarette smokers are (more) likely to have severe infections】.

（1）重难点词汇

science [ˈsaɪəns] n. 科学研究

（2）翻译技巧

词的选择

are more likely to=概率更高=更容易......

（3）参考译文

尽管对吸烟风险的科学研究还处在早期阶段，但已有研究表明，吸烟者更容易感染重症。

4. There is data (to show 【that 【if you are a smoker】, you’re more likely to have adverse outcomes (from COVID-19), need mechanical ventilation and die (than 【if you’re not a smoker】)).

（1）重难点词汇

adverse [ədˈvɜːrs] adj. 不利的，有害的

（2）翻译技巧

得意忘形

条件句中出现两个条件的比较时，可以直接翻译为“A比B更...“即”感染新冠的吸烟者比感染新冠但不吸烟的人更容易“

（3）参考译文

有数据表明，感染新冠的吸烟者比感染新冠但不吸烟的人更容易产生不良反应，更可能需要呼吸机，且更可能出现生命危险。

5. Smoking damages the (lungs’) defense mechanisms, (making it harder) (to fight off COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases).

（1）重难点词汇

respiratory [ˈrespərətɔːri] adj. 呼吸的

（2）翻译技巧

后置法

making it harder to fight off COVID-19 and other respiratory diseases为状语，可以采用后置法独立成句。可译为“这会导致肺部更难抵抗新冠肺炎和其他呼吸道疾病。”

（3）参考译文

吸烟会破坏肺部的免疫系统，这会导致肺部更难抵抗新冠肺炎和其他呼吸道疾病。

6. What does science say? Early data was conflicting. 

（1）参考译文

科学研究都得出了哪些结论呢？其实早期的数据是有争议的。

7. (Some) reports indicated 【that smoking was not associated with increased adverse outcomes】 and 【that smokers were underrepresented in hospital settings】, (leading some to claim 【that smokers might even have immunity to the virus】).

（1）重难点词汇

underrepresented [ˌʌndərˌreprɪˈzentɪd] adj. 代表名额不足的；未被充分代表的

setting [ˈsetɪŋ] n. （某事发生的）环境，场合

immunity [ɪˈmjuːnəti] n. 免疫力

（2）翻译技巧

后置法

leading some to claim that ...“这也导致一些研究人员认为”。

（3）参考译文

一些早期的报告指出，吸烟与不良反应的加剧之间没有联系；同时，医院中感染新冠肺炎的吸烟者不多，不具代表性。这也导致一些人认为吸烟者甚至有可能对新冠病毒有免疫力。

8. But specialists dismissed the claims (as "really fringe stuff").

（1）重难点词汇

dismiss [dɪsˈmɪs] v. 驳回

fringe [frɪndʒ] adj. 次要的，非主流的；在这里可以理解为“离谱的”

stuff [stʌf] n. 东西

（2）翻译技巧

词的选择&代替原则

claim=stuff，可以理解为“观点；结论”。

后置法

as "really fringe stuff"为状语，可以采用后置法，即“他们认为这样的观点非常离谱”。

（3）参考译文

但是专家驳斥了这一论断，他们认为这样的观点非常离谱。

9. One study found 【that (of those 【who died of COVID-19】), 9 percent were current smokers, (compared with 4 percent (of those 【that survived】))】.

（1）翻译技巧

后置法

compared with 4 percent of those that survived为状语，可以采用后置法进行翻译，即“而相较之下，新冠幸存者中只有4%是吸烟者”。

省略结构

4 percent=4 percent (were current smokers)

增译

增译“新冠”，这里的survived指的是“新冠幸存者”。

（2）参考译文

一项研究发现，死于新冠病毒的人当中，有9%是吸烟者。而相较之下，新冠幸存者中只有4%是吸烟者。

10. Smoking, (for one thing), inhibits blood cells 【that would otherwise clean and repair damaged lungs】.

（1）重难点词汇

inhibit [ɪnˈhɪbɪt] v. 抑制，约束

（2）翻译技巧

虚拟语气的翻译

that would otherwise clean and repair damaged lungs，其中的would要翻译出“本来是可以”的含义。

逻辑调节顺序

otherwise的翻译要拆出两层：先删掉otherwise翻译，即“血细胞本来是可以清理并修复受损的肺部的”再翻译“但没有，...”。

（3）参考译文

首先，血细胞本来是可以清理并修复受损的肺部的，但吸烟会抑制血细胞。

11. What about e-cigarettes? Less is known (about 【how coronavirus patients 【who use e-cigarettes products】 are faring), but (several) doctors suspect 【their trajectory will mirror that of cigarette smokers】.

（1）重难点词汇

e-cigarette [ˈiː sɪɡəret] n. 电子烟

faring [fer] v. 进展，表现

trajectory [trəˈdʒektəri] n. 轨道，轨迹

mirror [ˈmɪrər] v. 反映；与……十分相似

（2）翻译技巧

主被动转换

Less is known=很少被知道=我们得到的信息较少。

前置法

who use e-cigarettes products为定语从句，比较简单，可以采用前置法进行翻译，即“吸电子烟的新冠病毒感染者”。

代替原则

their指代的是“coronavirus patients”。

（3）参考译文

那电子烟呢？那些吸电子烟的新冠病毒感染者现在情况如何？对于这一问题，我们得到的信息较少。但有医生认为，吸电子烟的新冠病人可能和吸烟者的病情相似。

12. Smoking e-cigarettes has (all the same) (adverse) effects 【as smoking ordinary cigarettes does】.

（1）翻译技巧

l 前置法

as smoking ordinary cigarettes does为状语，可以采用前置法进行翻译。

（2）参考译文

因为抽电子烟和抽普通香烟对人体造成的危害没有什么分别。

13. Smoking anything can irritate the lining (of your lungs).

（1）重难点词汇

irritate [ˈɪrɪteɪt] v. 刺激；引起

lining [ˈlaɪnɪŋ] n. （身体器官内壁的）膜

（2）翻译技巧

l 词的选择

irritate使发炎，刺激

l 增译

增译逻辑连接词“事实上”，用以衔接上文。

（3）参考译文

参考译文1：事实上，抽任何烟都会导致肺黏膜发炎。

14. 【If you irritate the lining of your lungs】, you set yourself up (for trouble), 【because the disease kills people (by attacking the lungs)】.

（1）翻译技巧

l 固定搭配

set someone up for something指的是“安排某人做某事”。

（2）参考译文

假如你的肺黏膜发炎了，那就麻烦了，因为新冠病毒致死的方式就是攻击人类的肺部。

15. What about secondhand smoke? Smokers do not expel more of a respiratory virus (than non-smokers), 【although they do cough more】.

（1）重难点词汇

expel [ɪkˈspel] v. 排出（空气、水、气体等）

respiratory [ˈrespərətɔːri] adj. 呼吸的

（2）翻译技巧

前置法

than non-smokers为状语，可以采用前置法，即“相较那些不吸烟的人而言，...”

（3）参考译文

那二手烟呢？相较那些不吸烟的人而言，吸烟者并不会呼出更多的呼吸道病毒，尽管他们经常咳嗽。

16. The smoke (itself) doesn’t seem to increase the amount (of virus) 【that gets in the air】.

（1）翻译技巧

l 前置法

of virus和that gets in the air均为定语，比较简单，可以采用前置法进行翻译，即“空气中病毒的数量”。

（2）参考译文

二手烟本身似乎并不会增加空气中病毒的数量。

17. (However), (to the extent) 【that the virus is carried in tiny aerosol particles 【that stay in the air】】, (one of the possible means of transmission), the smoke shows 【where those particles are located】.

（1）重难点词汇

aerosol [ ˈerəsɑːl ] n. [物化] 气溶胶；气雾剂adj.喷雾的

particle [ ˈpɑːrtɪk(ə)l ] n.微粒；极少量；粒子

（2）翻译技巧

主被动转换

the virus is carried in tiny aerosol particles=病毒通过微小的气溶胶颗粒传播=tiny aerosol particles carry virus=微型气溶胶粒子可以携带新冠病毒。

（3）参考译文

但是，由于停留在空气中的微型气溶胶粒子可以携带新冠病毒（一种新冠病毒的传播方式），所以从这个层面上来讲，呼出的烟雾能够显示出这些微型气溶胶粒子所在的位置。

18. One study showed 【that people 【who had been exposed to second hand smoke】 were more likely to contract tuberculosis and, once they got it, didn’t do as well as those 【who weren’t exposed to smoke】】.

（1）重难点词汇

tuberculosis [tuːˌbɜːrkjəˈloʊsɪs] n. 结核病（尤指肺结核）

（2）翻译技巧

前置法

who had been exposed to second hand smoke为定语从句，修饰people，可以采用前置法进行翻译，即“吸入二手烟的人”。

who weren’t exposed to smoke为定语从句，修饰those，可以采用前置法进行翻译，即“没有吸入二手烟的病人”。

（3）参考译文

一项研究表明，吸入二手烟的人感染肺结核的概率更高；而且一旦感染肺结核，他们的病情会比没有吸入二手烟的病人情况更严重。

19. (In terms of these immune-suppressive effects), 【as it relates to tuberculosis】, secondhand smoke has adverse effects.

（1）翻译技巧

固定搭配

In terms of指的是“就…而言；在…方面”。

（2）参考译文

从免疫抑制作用来说，由于吸二手烟和肺结核相关，所以吸二手烟有不良影响。

20. (Each) virus has (its) (unique) pattern (of dispersion), and scientists are starting to get a handle (on 【how the novel coronavirus behaves】).

（1）重难点词汇

dispersion [dɪˈspɜːrʒn] n. 传播，散布

（2）翻译技巧

代替原则

behaves=disperse=传播方式

（3）参考译文

每一种病毒都有自己独特的传播方式，而科学家正在逐渐了解新冠病毒的传播方式。

21. (This) understanding is making it possible to rank the risks (of different activities) (from high to low to trivial).

（1）重难点词汇

rank [ræŋk] v. 排列，使排成行

trivial [ˈtrɪviəl] adj. 不重要的；容易解决的

（2）翻译技巧

增译

rank没有主语，可以增译逻辑主语“我们”。

代替原则

this understanding=scientists are starting to get a handle on how the novel coronavirus behaves=对新冠病毒传播方式的了解

后置法

from high to low to trivial可以采用后置法进行翻译，即：高风险、低风险、微小风险。

（3）参考译文

基于对新冠病毒传播方式的了解，我们能够将不同活动的风险进行排序：高风险、低风险、微小风险。

22. The (two) drivers (of the spread) (of the disease) are close contact and crowding (in closed spaces), 【as the virus is mainly transmitted (through respiratory droplets and close contact)】.

（1）重难点词汇

respiratory [ˈrespərətɔːri] adj. 呼吸的

droplets n. 飞沫

（2）翻译技巧

前置法

drivers (of the spread) (of the disease)后置定语比较简单，可以采用前置法翻译，即“病毒传播的影响因素”。

through respiratory droplets and close contact为状语，可以采用前置法翻译，即“通过呼吸道飞沫和密切接触...”。

（3）参考译文

病毒传播的两个影响因素分别是密接和封闭环境聚集。因为新冠主要是通过呼吸道飞沫和密切接触来进行传播的。

23. It spreads (through homeless shelter and nursing homes), 【where people are crowded in with many others】.

（1）重难点词汇

homeless shelter 收容所

nursing homes 养老院；疗养院

（2）翻译技巧

l 逻辑调节顺序&增译逻辑连接词

①It spreads指的是“病毒传播”。

②through homeless shelter and nursing homes指的是“通过收容所和疗养院”。

③where people are crowded in with many others指的是“人们和许多人挤在一起”。

（3）参考译文

由于收容所和疗养院人员过多，容易造成密接，所以在这些地方人们也更容易感染新冠病毒。

24. And it spreads (through people's households).

（1）重难点词汇

household [ˈhaʊshoʊld] n. 家庭

（2）翻译技巧

词的选择

Households=家庭成员之间

（4）参考译文

新冠病毒还可以在家庭成员之间相互传播。

25. Scientists have found (some) trends.

（1）参考译文

科学家们现在已经发现了一些趋势。

26. (For example), spending time dining together or being on public transport might increase the risk (of spreading or contracting the disease), 【while going to a market briefly for five minutes or a transient encounter 【while you walk or run past someone】 is considered low risk】.

（1）重难点词汇

briefly [ˈbriːfli] adv. 短暂地

transient [ˈtrænʃ(ə)nt] adj. 转瞬即逝的，短暂的

encounter [ɪnˈkaʊntər] n. 偶遇，邂逅

（2）翻译技巧

前置法

of spreading or contracting the disease后置定语，修饰risk，可以采用前置法进行翻译，即“传播或感染新冠的风险”。

while you walk or run past someone，可以采用前置法进行翻译，即“在走路或跑步时...”。

（3）参考译文

例如，一起用餐或者乘坐公共交通可能会增加传播或感染新冠的风险。不过，如果只是短暂地在超市停留五分钟左右，或者只是在走路或跑步时短暂地与某人擦肩而过，感染病毒的风险则比较小。

27. The studies were (all) done (through contact tracing), 【which may turn out to be humanity's greatest strategy (for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic)】.

（1）翻译技巧

代替原则

which指代的是前面的contact tracing。

（2）参考译文

这些研究都是通过流调完成的。而流调可能会成为人类在抗击新冠疫情中最伟大的战略。

29. Contact tracing can stop chains (of transmission), 【even after a disease is widespread】.

（1）参考译文

参考译文1：流调可以有效阻止传播链，即使疾病已经广泛传播。

30. (Another major) benefit is 【that it offers clues as to 【how the disease spreads】】.

（1）句子分析

句子主干：benefit is 【that...】.

修饰成分：【how the disease spreads】为名词性从句。

（2）参考译文

流调还有一大好处，就是提供病毒如何传播的线索。

31. Each virus has its unique pattern.

（1）翻译技巧

增译

pattern这里是“传播模式”代指上文中的“how the disease spreads”

（2）参考译文

而每种病毒都有其独特的传播模式。

Section 2 Chinese-English Translation

随着经济社会发展和物质消费水平大幅提高，我国生活垃圾产生量迅速增长，环境隐患日益突出，已经成为新型城镇化发展的制约因素。实施生活垃圾分类(garbage sorting)，可以有效改善城乡环境。促进资源回收利用，提高城镇化质量。

垃圾分类是处置垃圾的首要环节，是解决垃圾出路问题的一个重要举措。垃圾分类是按照垃圾的不同成分､利用价值以及对环境的影响，根据不同处置方式的要求，分成若干种类，进行分类投放，并通过分类收集、分类运输、分类处理，实现垃圾减量化、资源化、无害化。

首先，充分回收利用可回收物。通过分类投放、分类收集，把有用物品，如纸张､塑料、橡胶、玻璃等从垃圾中分离出来利用。如1吨废纸可再生新纸0.8吨，相当于少砍伐树龄为30年的树木20棵｡

其次，减少垃圾处理量。分类收集便于对不同垃圾进行分类处置。例如果皮转化为有机肥，其他垃圾则进行卫生填埋或焚烧，可减少填埋量，从而节省宝贵的土地资源，实现社会效益和生态环境的双赢。

再者，如果我们不对生活垃圾进行分类，将增加后续处理难度，可造成对空气、水质、土壤的污染，危害人体健康，损害环境。总之，垃圾分类既能提高垃圾利用水平，又能减少垃圾处理量，达到回收可用资源，降低处置成本，减少土地消耗的目标，实现社会、经济、生态三方面的效益。

【讲解环节】

1. （随着（经济社会）发展和（物质消费水平）大幅提高），（我国）（生活垃圾）产生量（迅速）增长//，（环境）隐患（日益）突出//，已经成为（新型）（城镇化发展的）（制约）因素。

（1）减译

汉译英时“范围词”不用刻意翻译，比如“消费水平的提高”中的“水平”就不用翻level；再比如“红色”的“色”直接说red就好，不用非要说the color of red

（2）参考译文

Due to the economic and social development and the surge in material consumption, output of household waste in China is ramping up rapidly. Thus, environmental problems are becoming increasingly evident and inhibiting the development of the new urbanization.

2. 实施生活垃圾分类(garbage sorting)，可以（有效）改善（城乡）环境//。促进（资源）回收利用，提高（城镇化）质量。

（1）句子降维

句子主干：实施生活垃圾分类可以改善环境=Implementing garbage sorting could improve the environment。

（2）参考译文

Implementing garbage sorting of household wastes could effectively improve the environment in both cities and countries, step up the recycling and reuse of resources and upgrade the quality of urbanization.

3. 垃圾分类是（处置垃圾的）（首要）环节，是（解决垃圾出路问题的）（一个）（重要）举措。

（1）翻译方法

代替原则

垃圾出路问题=垃圾处理问题（由于上文提到过所以这里可以直接用“相应的问题”，即corresponding problems）

（2）参考译文

Garbage sorting is the first and foremost step in the process of garbage disposal and a crucial solution to corresponding problems.

4. 垃圾分类是【（1按照垃圾的不同成分､利用价值以及对环境的影响），（2根据不同处置方式的要求），1分成若干种类//，2进行分类投放】，（并通过分类收集、分类运输、分类处理），实现（垃圾）减量化、资源化、无害化。

（1）句子降维

句子主干：垃圾分类是一个过程=Garbage sorting is a process；

从句句子主干=垃圾被分成若干种类，进行分类投放//目的是实现减量化、资源化、无害化

（2）参考译文

Garbage sorting is a process by which waste is separated into different elements according to content, reuse value and environmental impact and then recycled or disposed of in line with difference requirements.

These elements will be collected, transported and processed separately to reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfill, increase the amount of waste that is recyclable, and ensure green waste disposal.

5. （首先），充分回收利用可回收物。（通过分类投放、分类收集），把有用物品，（如纸张､塑料、橡胶、玻璃等）（从垃圾中）分离出来利用。

（1）句子降维

句子主干：充分回收利用可回收物=垃圾分类有助于充分回收利用可回收物=garbage sorting helps take full use of recyclable materials.

句子主干：有用物品分离出来利用=useful items are separated from the garbage and then reused.

（2）参考译文

First, garbage sorting helps take full use of recyclable materials. Through separate disposal and collection of waste materials, useful items such as paper, plastic, rubber, glass, etc. are separated from the garbage and then reused.

6. （如）1吨废纸可再生新纸0.8吨，【相当于少砍伐（树龄为30年的）树木20棵】｡

（1）句子降维

句子主干：废纸可再生新纸=waste paper can be recycled into new paper.

（2）参考译文

For instance, 1 ton of waste paper can be recycled into 0.8 tons of new paper, which can save 20 30-year-old trees.

7. （其次），减少（垃圾）（处理）量。【分类收集便于对不同垃圾进行分类处置】。

（1）句子降维

句子主干：减少量=[垃圾分类]减少量=it/waste sorting helps to reduce the amount.

（2）参考译文

Second, waste sorting helps to reduce the amount of waste that needs to be disposed of as separate collection facilitates separate disposal.

8. （例如）果皮转化为有机肥//，（其他）垃圾则进行卫生填埋或焚烧//，可减少填埋量，（从而节省宝贵的土地资源），（实现（社会效益和生态环境的）双赢）。

（1）句子降维

句子主干1：果皮转化为有机肥，垃圾进行卫生填埋或焚烧=fruit peels can be converted/transformed/changed into organic fertilizers, while garbage is either sent to sanitary landfills or burned.

句子主干2：减少填埋量=填埋量可被减少=landfill can be reduced.

（2）参考译文

参考译文1: For example, fruit peels can be transformed into organic fertilizers, while other garbage is either sent to sanitary landfills or incinerated. This can reduce the amount of waste that needs to be buried, thus saving valuable land resources and achieving a win-win situation for social benefits and the ecological environment.

9. （再者），【如果我们不对生活垃圾进行分类】，将增加（后续处理）难度，可造成（对空气、水质、土壤的）污染，【危害人体健康，损害环境】。

（1）句子降维

句子主干：将增加难度，可造成污染=[它]将增加难度，可造成污染=it will increase the difficulty and cause pollution.

当然，这里对缺少主语的处理也可以借用there be句型=there will be an increase in the difficulty of subsequent processing and pollution to the air, water, and soil.

（2）参考译文

参考译文：In addition, if we don't sort household garbage, there will be an increase in the difficulty of subsequent waste disposal and pollution to the air, water, and soil, which can harm human health and damage the environment.

10. （总之），垃圾分类既能提高（垃圾）利用水平，又能减少（垃圾处理）量//，达到（回收可用资源，降低处置成本，减少土地消耗的）目标，实现（社会、经济、生态三方面的）效益。

（1）句子降维

句子主干1：垃圾分类既能提高利用，又能减少量=garbage sorting can not only improve the reuse, but also reduce the amount.

句子主干2：达到目标，实现效益=...achieve the goal, ultimately leading to benefits

（2）参考译文

In short, garbage sorting can not only improve the reuse of waste, but also reduce the amount of waste that needs to be disposed of. This helps achieve the goal of recycling waste, while reducing disposal costs and land consumption, ultimately leading to social, economic, and ecological benefits.

结语：

在这个快节奏的社交时代，能够静下心来读完这些内容，你已经超级棒了！学习翻译可不是一件简单的事情，需要耐心、坚持和不怕寂寞。只有坚持不懈地积累和磨练，才能取得成功。希望你在这条翻译之路上一帆风顺，实现自己的梦想！祝你成功不断，加油。